Studia Theologica, 2016 (roč. 18), číslo 2
Theology and Religion
Trestní právo v hebrejské Bibli
Criminal Law in the Hebrew Bible
Jiří Kašný
Studia Theologica 2016, 18(2):1-21 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2016.0141581 
The article examines laws on crime in the Hebrew Bible. It admits that the Hebrew Bible does not contain any systematic treatise on crime or any criminal code. However, it is possible to identify in the Biblical text wrongful acts as offences against JHWH, against superiors, against life, body and liberty and offences against others within the context of family relations. The offences not only harm the victim but also violate justice and disturb order and predictability in society. Therefore, the penalties are aimed especially at eradicating the wrongful acts from the community of Israel.
Slavení paschy v církvi starověku
Celebrating the Pascha in the Ancient Church
František Kunetka
Studia Theologica 2016, 18(2):23-57 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2016.0151889
In the first part of this study, which offers several looks at the form of celebra-ting the Christian Pascha in the time before the Nicene Council, a concise commentary on selected texts from this period is presented. These texts are: the apocryphal writing Epistula apostolorum, the homily For the Feast of the Holy Pascha (the so called Pseudo Hippolytus), and the Syrian writing Didascalia apostolorum. The following chapter deals with problems of the controversy over celebrating Easter which are mentioned by Eusebius of Caesarea in his work Historia ecclesiastica. In the following third part, certain historical and theological aspects are discussed:...
Klement Alexandrijský o smyslu utrpení věřícího
Clement of Alexandria On the Value of Suffering
Veronika Černušková
Studia Theologica 2016, 18(2):59-74 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2016.0161747
In his Stromata (book IV, chapter 12) Clement of Alexandria touches briefly on the theme of the value of suffering, only to break off abruptly in the middle of a promising comment, noting that although much more needs to be said, this must be left to be continued later "at the appropriate time". The theme was never dealt with by Clement systematically, however. Based on individual ideas in Stromata, Paedagogus, Protrepticus, Quis dives salvetur and the surviving fragments of the Hypotyposes, the paper depicts Clement's thoughts concerning suffering as a consequence of a Christian's sin, about the suffering of an innocent person and spiritual struggle...
"Irrevocabilis consensus personalis": Antropologické předpoklady systému manželského práva v CCEO
"Irrevocabilis consensus personalis": Around the Anthropological Assumptions of the Matrimonial Law System in the CCEO
Andrzej Pastwa, Monika Menke
Studia Theologica 2016, 18(2):75-89 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2016.0171426
The conciliar formula irrevocabilis consensus personalis is not a synonym of a "contract" - it is a synonym of a covenant. The attempt of a verification of this hypothesis, undertaken in this study, is based on two elementary methodological assumptions: (1) the heritage of a Christian personalistic thought - adopted and integrated in the theological anthropology of the constitution Gaudium et spes - is at the basis of the Catholic Church matrimonial law system; (2) the adoption of the mentioned formula significantly increases the outlook in the science of canon law on the system change of the paradigm: on a turn away from the contractualistic formulas...
Geneze, vývoj a opuštění principu dvojího shodného rozsudku v manželských záležitostech
The Emergence, Further Development and Abandonment of the Principle of Dual and Coinciding Sentences in the Declaration of the Nullity of Marriage
Ignác Antonín Hrdina
Studia Theologica 2016, 18(2):91-103 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2016.0181319
The article examines the emergence and further development of the principle of dual and coinciding sentences (sententia conformis duplex) in the declaration of the nullity of marriage. This obligation instituted by Pope Benedict XIV in the Apostolic Constitution Dei miseratione from 1741 should have avoided too benevolent a declaration of the nullity of marriage by religious courts. In a modified form, it has been accepted into both Western Codes of Canon Law (of 1917 and 1983), as well as the Eastern Codex Canonum Ecclesiarum Orientalium. Pope Francis was the first who resigned to it in his motu proprio Mitis Iudex (for the Western Church), respectively...
Pojem církve sui iuris v současném církevním právu
The Notion of the Church sui iuris in Current Canon Law
Jiří Dvořáček
Studia Theologica 2016, 18(2):105-117 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2016.0191518
This article is a further contribution to the clarification of the concept of the Church sui iuris. It provides a brief overview of its development from the MP Postquam apostolicis litteris (1952) to the valid Code of Canons of Oriental Churches (CCEO) of 1990 and provides an analysis of the canon 27 CCEO which defines the concept of Ecclesia sui iuris. The second part of the article offers an overview of the Eastern Catholic Churches, as contained in the latest edition of the Pontifical Yearbook Annuario Pontificio, and also briefly assesses the canonical status of the Apostolic Exarchate in the Czech Republic. The reality of the Eastern Catholic...
Otázky náboženské svobody ve vyjádřeních dvou posledních papežů
Questions of Religious Freedom in the Observations of the Last Two Popes
Monika Menke
Studia Theologica 2016, 18(2):119-134 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2016.0201337
The article analyzes the expressions of Pope Benedict XVI and Pope Francis on the topic of religious freedom. It summarizes their main emphases and evaluates their attitudes. The pontificate of Pope Benedict XVI strongly supported human rights issues and religious freedom is therefore characteristic of this theme. This Pope focused on humanity and its dignity, emphasizing the transcendental foundation of human rights. Pope Francis places different emphases in this area, especially social and charity, in the context of current international relations and new forms of abuse and protection of religious freedom. The way he addresses contemporary secular...
Variácie morálnej zodpovednosti
Variations of Moral Responsibility
Luboš Rojka
Studia Theologica 2016, 18(2):135-154 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2016.0211811
The traditional understanding of moral responsibility (from Aristotle to Kant) includes libertarian freedom, the existence of which has been questioned since the rise of modern science (D. Hume, J. S. Mill). The positions of certain contemporary philosophers and neuroscientists (such as G. Strawson, D. Pereboom) reinforce this skepticism. Neuroscience as such cannot, however, provide evidence for or against morally significant libertarian freedom, which is based on rational reasons and moral values. Although there are problems with the explanation of libertarian freedom, the reasons for abandoning the merit based view of responsibility appear (thus...
Význam nádeje pri budovaní spoločenstva lásky v kontexte sociálneho učenia Benedikta XVI.
The Significance of Hope for Building a Communion of Love in the Context of the Social Teaching of Benedict XVI
Juraj Skřivánek
Studia Theologica 2016, 18(2):155-169 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2016.0221351
The article points out that each Christian might be given to the world as a symbol of hope. This attempt is not going to be successfully carried out without the essential source of divine and humanity - the eternal Word. Focusing on the social teaching of Benedict XVI, we may claim that the virtue of hope connected with love and faith provides unique and inspiring horizons, the intimate resource of which is the divine promise already fulfilled in Christ. The Christian lofty vocation radiates goodness and cordiality and helps us understand God's grace. In this sense, we are able to spread peace, joy and mercy; knowing that, we discharge our responsibility...
Recenze
Reviews
Šimon Marinčák, Miloš Lichner, Ctirad Václav Pospíšil, Jiří Kašný, Peter Olexák, Inocent-Mária V. Szaniszló O.P.
Studia Theologica 2016, 18(2):171-204779