Studia Theologica 2022, 24(1):103-127 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2021.0311649


Navzdory své rétorice liberál? K MacIntyrově politice společného dobra

Ján Tomaštík, Jiří Baroš
Mgr. Ján Tomaštík
Mgr. et Mgr. Jiří Baroš, Ph.D.
Katedra politologie FSS MU
Joštova 10
602 00 Brno

Notwithstanding His Rhetoric, A Liberal? On MacIntyre’s Politics of the Common Good

The aim of the article is to present and criticise the political thought of Alasdair MacIntyre, one of the most renowned contemporary moral philosophers. This eminent representative of the Aristotelian­-Thomistic tradition is a strong opponent of the modern state, which he does not consider to be an appropriate place for his favoured politics of the common good. He proposes the politics of local communities as his alternative. The article criticises his alternative by focusing on the premises of his understanding of the concept of the common good. In several steps, there is an attempt to deminstrate how his conceptualisation is not completely faithful to his own Aristotelian­-Thomistic tradition. Moreover, his politics of local communities remains deeply vulnerable to the liberal politics of the modern state. As a matter of fact, despite his scorching criticism of liberalism, MacIntyrean politics is in its consequences paradoxically liberal.

Keywords: Common Action; Common Good; Liberalism; Modern State; Political Theory; Practical Rationality; Thomism

Vloženo: leden 2021; Revidováno: červenec 2021; Přijato: červenec 2021; Zveřejněno: květen 2022 

Zobrazit celý článek

Reference

  1. Jiří BAROŠ, "Dvě konkurenční morální tradice a lidská důstojnost," in Liberální demokracie v době krize, ed. Pavel Dufek a Jiří Baroš, Praha: SLON, 2019, s. 195-215.
  2. Jiří BAROŠ, "Katolické výhrady vůči liberálnímu chápání svobody a sociálního řádu," Studia theologica 23, č. 2 (2021), s. 79-100. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  3. Jiří BAROŠ, "Krize liberální demokracie a pojem společného dobra," Studia theologica 20, č. 2 (2018), s. 129-149. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  4. Jiří BAROŠ, "Perfekcionistická kritika liberalismu veřejného rozumu," Filosofický časopis 69, č. 2 (2021), s. 231-250. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  5. Jiří BAROŠ, "Subsidiarita: od teoretického konceptu k praktické zkušenosti," Studia theologica 19, č. 2 (2017), s. 1-22. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  6. Jiří BAROŠ, "Whose Public Reason? Which Justification of Laws? A Natural Law Response," Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale 111(4): 507-524. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  7. Ronald BEINER, "Community versus Citizenship. MacIntyre´s Revolt Against the Modern State," Critical Review 14, č. 4 (2000), s. 459-479. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  8. Jason BLAKELY, "Does Liberalism Lack Virtue? A Critique of Alasdair MacIntyre's Reactionary Politics," Interpretation: A Journal of Political Philosophy 44, č. 1 (2017), s. 1-20.
  9. Keith BREEN, "The state, compartmentalization and the turn to local community: A critique of the political thought of Alasdair MacIntyre," The European Legacy 10, č. 5 (2005), s. 485-501. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  10. Stephen BROCK, The Light that Binds: A Study in Thomas Aquinas's Metaphysics of Natural Law, Eugene: Pickwick Publications, 2020.
  11. John A. CUDDEBACK, "Yves R. Simon and Aquinas on Willing the Common Good," in Maritain and America, eds. Christopher Cullen a Joseph Clair, Washington: American Maritain Association, 2001, s. 58-72.
  12. Thomas D. D´ANDREA, Tradition, Rationality, and Virtue: The Thought of Alasdair MacIntyre, Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006.
  13. Andrew DAVISON, Participation in God: A Study in Christian Doctrine and Metaphysics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  14. Charles DE KONINCK,. "De la primauté du bien commun contre les personnalistes," In Œuvres de Charles De Koninck. Tome II. 2. La primauté du bien commun. Québec: Presses de l´Université Laval, 2010, s. 105-225.
  15. Charles DE KONINCK, Œuvres de Charles De Koninck. Tome II. 3. Le dilemme de la constitution, Québec: Presses de l´Université Laval, 2015. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  16. Lawrence DEWAN, "St. Thomas and the Divinity of the Common Good," in Ressourcement Thomism, ed. Reinhard Hütter a Matthew Levering, Washington: The CUA Press, 2010, s. 211-233.
  17. Lawrence DEWAN, Wisdom, Law, and Virtue: Essays in Thomistic Ethics, New York: Fordham University Press, 2008.
  18. George DUKE, Aristotle and Law. The Politics of Nomos, Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  19. Dominic FARRELL, "Wanting the Common Good: Aquinas on General Justice," The Review of Metaphysics 71, č. 3 (2018), s. 517-549.
  20. Thomas S. HIBBS, "MacIntyre, Aquinas, and Politics," The Review of Politics 66, č. 3 (2004), s. 357-383. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  21. Russell HITTINGER, "Pope Leo XIII (1810-1903)," in The Teachings of Modern Roman Catholicism on Law, Politics, and Human Nature, eds. John Witte Jr. a Frank S. Alexander, New York: Columbia UP, 2007, s. 39-75.
  22. Russell HITTINGER, "Social Inclusion Beyond Exchanges and Distributions," in: Towards a Participatory Society, ed. Pierpaolo Donati, Vatican: Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences, 2017, s. 246-259.
  23. Russell HITTINGER, "The Coherence of the Four Basic Principles of Catholic Social Doctrine: An Interpretation," in Pursuing the Common Good: How Solidarity and Subsidiarity Can Work Together. Vatican: Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences, 2008, s. 75-123.
  24. David HOLLENBACH, The Common Good and Christian Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  25. M. S. KEMPSHALL, The Common Good in Late Medieval Political Thought, Oxford: Oxford UP, 1999. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  26. Kelvin KNIGHT, Aristotelian Philosophy: Ethics and Politics from Aristotle to MacIntyre, Cambridge: Polity, 2007.
  27. Kelvin KNIGHT a Paul BLACKLEDGE, eds., Revolutionary Aristotelianism: Ethics, Resistance and Utopia, Stuttgart: Lucius & Lucius, 2008. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  28. Thaddeus J. KOZINSKI, The Political Problem of Religious Pluralism: And Why Philosophers Can't Solve It, Lanham: Lexington Books, 2010.
  29. Robert P. KRAYNAK, Christian Faith and Modern Democracy. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2001.
  30. Marian KUNA, Etika a politika v perspektíve Alasdaira MacIntyra, Ružomberok: FF UK, 2010.
  31. Marian KUNA, "Význam princípu subsidiarity pre MacIntyrovu víziu politiky. Filozofia 73, č. 5 (2018), s. 389-399. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  32. Bradley V. LEWIS, "The Common Good against the Modern State? On MacIntyre´s Political Philosophy," Josephinum Journal of Theology 16, č. 2 (2009), s. 357-378.
  33. Alasdair MACINTYRE, "A Partial Response to My Critics," in After MacIntyre, ed. John Horton a Susan Mendus, Notre Dame: Notre Dame UP, 1994, s. 283-304.
  34. Alasdair MACINTYRE, Ethics and Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
  35. Alasdair MACINTYRE, Ethics in the Conflicts of Modernity, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  36. Alasdair MACINTYRE, "How Aristotelianism Can Become Revolutionary," in Virtue and Politics, ed. Paul Blackledge a Kelvin Knight, Notre Dame: Notre Dame UP, 2011, s. 11-19.
  37. Alasdair MACINTYRE, "Intractable Moral Disagreements," in Intractable Disputes about the Natural Law. Alasdair MacIntyre and Critics, ed. Lawrence S. Cunningham, Notre Dame: Notre Dame UP, 2009, s. 1-52. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  38. Alasdair MACINTYRE, "Je patriotismus ctností?," in Současná politická filosofie, ed. János Kis, Praha: Oikoymenh, 1997 [1984], s. 447-464.
  39. Alasdair MACINTYRE, Dependent Rational Animals: Why Human Beings Need the Virtues. La Salle: Open Court Publishing, 1999.
  40. Alasdair MACINTYRE, "Politics, Philosophy, and the Common Good," in The MacIntyre Reader, ed. Kelvin Knight, Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1998, s. 235-252.
  41. Alasdair MACINTYRE, "Social structures and their threats to moral agency," Philosophy 74, č. 289 (1999), s. 311-329. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  42. Alasdair MACINTYRE, "What More Needs to Be Said? A Beginning, Although Only a Beginning, at Saying It," Analyse & Kritik 30, č. 1 (2008), s. 261-281. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  43. Alasdair MACINTYRE, Ztráta ctnosti, Praha: Oikoymenh, 2004 [1981].
  44. John MILBANK, "On Complex Space," in The Word Made Strange: Theology, Language, Culture. London: Wiley Blackwell, 1997, s. 268-292.
  45. Mark C. MURPHY, "MacIntyre´s Political Philosophy," in Alasdair MacIntyre, ed. Mark C. Murphy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003, s. 152-175. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  46. Walter F. MURPHY, Constitutional Democracy: Creating and Maintaining a Just Political Order, Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 2007.
  47. Thomas OSBORNE, "MacIntyre, Thomism and the Contemporary Common Good," Analyse & Kritik 30, č. 1 (2008), s. 75-90. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  48. Michael PAKALUK, "Is the Common Good of Political Society Limited and Instrumental?" The Review of Metaphysics 55, č. 1 (2001), s. 57-94.
  49. Nathan PINKOVSKI, "Manent and Perreau-Saussine on MacIntyre´s Aristotelianism," Perspectives on Political Science 48, č. 2 (2019), s. 1-11. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  50. Jean PORTER, "Tradition in the Recent Work of Alasdair MacIntyre," in Alasdair MacIntyre, ed. Mark C. Murphy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003, s. 38-69. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  51. Jonathan SANFORD, Before Virtue: Assessing Contemporary Virtue Ethics, Washington D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 2015.
  52. Yves SIMON, A General Theory of Authority, Notre Dame: Notre Dame UP, 1980 [1962].
  53. Yves SIMON, Philosophy of Democratic Government, Notre Dame: Notre Dame UP, 1993 [1951].
  54. Yves SIMON, The Tradition of Natural Law, New York: Fordham UP, 1992 [1965].
  55. David L. SCHINDLER a Nicholas HEALY, Freedom, Truth, and Human Dignity: The Second Vatican Council's Declaration on Religious Freedom, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2015.
  56. D. C. SCHINDLER, "Liberalism, Religious Freedom, and the Common Good," Communio 40, č. 3 (2013), s. 576-615.
  57. Alex VOORHOEVE, Conversations on Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...

Tento článek je publikován v režimu tzv. otevřeného přístupu k vědeckým informacím (Open Access), který je distribuován pod licencí Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), která umožňuje distribuci, reprodukci a změny, pokud je původní dílo řádně ocitováno. Není povolena distribuce, reprodukce nebo změna, která není v souladu s podmínkami této licence.


Zpět na obsah