Studia Theologica 2013, 15(2):65-88 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2013.0161583

Filosofická teologie žije

Vlastimil Vohánka

Natural Theology Is Alive

This paper challenges the belief that natural theology suffers from a crisis. It highlights the boom of the Anglo-American philosophy of religion (I), the involved boom of theism (II), and the seminal works of Alvin Plantinga (III). Certain prominent features in the resulting natural theology are discussed: the focus on systematic problems; the analytical style; the belief that reality is discovered rather than construed; the interpretation of religious statements as truth claims with objective truth-values; and the belief that sound arguments for answers to certain existential and moral questions can be provided (IV). Finally, issues of natural theology are surveyed: the meaning and consistency of statements about God; their justification from public sources and private religious experience (V). A picture emerges of the genesis, content, and vitality of a great area of contemporary natural theology.

Keywords: Natural theology; Philosophy of religion; Plantinga Alvin

Zveřejněno: červen 2013 


Reference

  1. Alister E. McGrath, The Open Secret: A New Vision for Natural Theology, Oxford: Blackwell, 2008. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  2. Ctirad Václav Pospíšil, Jako v nebi, tak i na zemi: Náčrt trinitární teologie, Praha: Krystal OP; Kostelní Vydří: Karmelitánské nakladatelství, 2010.
  3. Eugene Thomas Long, Twentieth Century Western Philosophy of Religion 1900-2000, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2003.
  4. Charles Taliaferro - Erik S. Christopherson, "Philosophy of Religion," in The Edinburgh Companion to TwentiethCentury Philosophies, ed. Constantin V. Boundas, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007, s. 309-323. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  5. David Conway, The Rediscovery of Wisdom: From Here to Antiquity in Quest of Sophia, Londýn: Macmillan; New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000.
  6. Charles Taliaferro, Evidence and Faith: Philosophy of Religion since the Seventeenth Century, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  7. Linda Zagzebski, Philosophy of Religion: An Historical Introduction, Oxford: Blackwell, 2007.
  8. Roger Pouivet, "On the Polish Roots of the Analytic Philosophy of Religion," European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 3 (2011): 1-20. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  9. Quentin Smith, "The Metaphilosophy of Naturalism," www.philoonline.org/library/smith_4_2.htm [cit. 31. 8. 2012].
  10. PhilPapers Survey 2009, philpapers.org/surveys [cit. 31. 8. 2012].
  11. A Companion to Philosophy of Religion, ed. Philip L. Quinn a Charles Taliaferro, Oxford: Blackwell, 1999.
  12. A Companion to Philosophy of Religion, ed. Charles Taliaferro, Paul Draper a Philip L. Quinn, Oxford: WileyBlackwell, 2010.
  13. The Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Religion, ed. William E. Mann, Oxford: Blackwell, 2005.
  14. The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Religion, ed. William J. Wainwright, New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
  15. The Routledge Companion to Theism, ed. Charles Taliaferro, Victoria S. Harrison a Stewart Goetz, New York a Londýn: Routledge, 2012.
  16. New Ways in Philosophy of Religion, ed. Yujin Nagasawa a Erik J. Wielenberg, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
  17. Scientific Approaches to the Philosophy of Religion, ed. Yujin Nagasawa, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
  18. Probability in the Philosophy of Religion, ed. Jake Chandler a Victoria S. Harrison, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.
  19. Daniel J. Hill, "What's New in Philosophy of Religion," Philosophy Now, č. 21 (1998): 30-33. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  20. Keith Y. Yandell, Philosophy of Religion: A Contemporary Introduction, Londýn: Routledge, 1999.
  21. The Oxford Handbook of Philosophical Theology, ed. Thomas P. Flint a Michael C. Rea, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
  22. Alvin Plantinga, God and Other Minds: A Study of the Rational Justification of Belief in God, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1967.
  23. William Lane Craig, "Introduction: The Resurrection of Theism," dostupné na www.reasonablefaith.org, odkaz goo.gl/HWkS3 [cit. 31. 8. 2012].
  24. William Lane Craig, "God Is Not Dead Yet," dostupné na www.christianitytoday.com, odkaz goo.gl/B0c8C [cit. 12. 9. 2012].
  25. "Is God Dead?" Time Magazine, 8. 4. 1966.
  26. "Is God Coming Back to Life?" Time Magazine, 26. 12. 1969.
  27. "Modernizing the Case for God," Time Magazine, 7. 4. 1980.
  28. The Cambridge Companion to Atheism, ed. Michael Martin, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
  29. J. P. Moreland - William Lane Craig, Philosophical Foundations for a Christian Worldview, Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2003.
  30. Helen De Cruz, "Results of the survey on natural theological arguments," dostupné na prosblogion.ektopos.com, odkaz goo.gl/FWKmH [zveřejněno 17. 2. 2012, cit. 7. 9. 2012].
  31. Helen De Cruz, "Confirmation bias of expertise? The prevalence of theism in philosophy of religion," dostupné na prosblogion.ektopos.com, odkaz goo.gl/cByFJ [zveřejněno 25. 2. 2012, cit. 7. 9. 2012].
  32. John G. Stackhouse Jr., "Mind Over Skepticism. Alvin Plantinga: The 20th Century Greatest Philosopher?" dostupné na www.christianitytoday.com, odkaz goo.gl/6YAGz [cit. 12. 9. 2012].
  33. Alvin Plantinga, "Rada křesťanským filosofům," Salve 19, č. 2 (2009): 74-78. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  34. Alvin Plantinga, "On Ockham's Way Out," Faith and Philosophy 3 (1986): 235-269. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  35. Alvin Plantinga, The Nature of Necessity, New York: Oxford University Press, 1974.
  36. Alvin Plantinga, God, Freedom and Evil, New York: Harper & Row, 1974.
  37. Alvin Plantinga, ed. DeanePeter Baker, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007, s. 210-227.
  38. Alvin Plantinga, "The Probabilistic Argument from Evil," Philosophical Studies 35 (1978): 1-53. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  39. Alvin Plantinga, Warrant: The Current Debate, New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  40. Alvin Plantinga, Warrant and Proper Function, New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  41. Alvin Plantinga, Warranted Christian Belief, New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  42. Richard G. Swinburna, The Coherence of Theism, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1977.
  43. Michael Peterson, "The Problem of Evil," in A Companion to Philosophy of Religion (1999).
  44. Robert M. Adams, "Plantinga and the Problem of Evil," in Alvin Plantinga, ed. James Tomberlin a Peter van Inwagen.
  45. The Evidential Argument from Evil, ed. Daniel HowardSnyder, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996.
  46. Timothy J. McGrew - Lydia McGrew, Internalism and Epistemology: The Architecture of Reason, Londýn: Routledge, 2007. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  47. Richard Swinburne, Epistemic Justification, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2001. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  48. Faith and Rationality, ed. Alvin Plantinga a Nicholas Wolterstorff, Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1983.
  49. Alfred J. Freddoso, "Two Roles for Catholic Philosophers," in Recovering Nature: Essays in Natural Philosophy, Ethics, and Metaphysics in Honor of Ralph McInerny, ed. John P. O'Callaghan a Thomas S. Hibbs, Notre Dame: 1999, s. 234. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  50. Kevin Mulligan - Peter Simons - Barry Smith, "What's wrong with contemporary philosophy?" Topoi 25 (2006). Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  51. Charles Malik, "The Other Side of Evangelism," Christianity Today, 1980, č. 12, s. 40.
  52. Alvin Plantinga, "Christian Philosophy at the End of the 20th Century," in Christian Philosophy at the Close of the Twentieth Century: Assessment and Perspective, ed. Sander Griffioen a Bert M. Balk, Kampen: Kok, 1995, s. 29-53.
  53. Realism and Religion: Philosophical and Theological Perspectives, ed. Andrew Moore a Michael Scott, Burlington: Ashgate, 2007.
  54. Christopher J. Insole, The Realist Hope: A Critique of AntiRealist Approaches in Contemporary Philosophical Theology, Burlington: Ashgate, 2006.
  55. Alfred J. Freddoso, "Fides et ratio: Radikální vize intelektuálního bádání," Studia Neoaristotelica 2 (2005). Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  56. The Cambridge Companion to Christian Philosophical Theology, ed. Charles Taliaferro a Chad Meister, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
  57. Richard Swinburne, The Christian God, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  58. Richard Swinburne, The Resurrection of God Incarnate, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2003. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  59. Charles Taliaferro, "The Project of Natural Theology," in The Blackwell Companion to Natural Theology, ed. Willliam Lane Craig a J. P. Moreland, Oxford: Wiley Blackwell, 2009. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  60. Sandra Menssen - Thomas D. Sullivan, The Agnostic Inquirer: Revelation from a Philosophical Standpoint, Grand Rapids a Cambridge: William B. Eerdmans, 2007.
  61. Alvin Plantinga, The Twin Pillars of Christian Scholarship, Grand Rapids: Calvin College and Seminary, 1990.
  62. William F. Vallicella, A Paradigm Theory of Existence: OntoTheology Vindicated, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2002. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  63. C. F. J. Martin, Thomas Aquinas: God and Explanations, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1997. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  64. David Braine, The Reality of Time and the Existence of God: The Project of Proving God's Existence, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988.
  65. W. N. Clarke, The One and the Many: A Contemporary Thomistic Metaphysics, Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2001.
  66. Mark Steiner, The Applicability of Mathematics as a Philosophical Problem, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  67. Dean L. Overman, A Case against Accident and SelfOrganization, New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 1997.
  68. Stephen C. Meyer, Signature in the Cell: DNA and the Evidence for Intelligent Design, New York: HarperOne, 2009.
  69. Guillermo Gonzalez - Jay Wesley Richards, The Privileged Planet: How Our Place in the Cosmos is Designed for Discovery, Washington: Regnery Publishing, 2004.
  70. Richard Swinburne, Revelation: From Metaphor to Analogy, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2007. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  71. Timothy J. McGrew a Lydia McGrew, "The Argument from Miracles: A Cumulative Case for the Resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth," in The Blackwell Companion to Natural Theology, ed. William Lane Craig a J. P. Moreland, s. 593-662.
  72. Hugh G. Gauch Jr., John A. Bloom - Robert C. Newman, "Public Theology and Scientific Method: Formulating Reasons That Count Across Worldviews," Philosophia Christi 4, (2002), s. 45-88. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  73. Robert C. Newman - John A. Bloom - Hugh G. Gauch Jr., "Public Theology and Prophecy Data: Factual Evidence That Counts for the Biblical World View," Journal of The Evangelical Theological Society 46 (2003), s. 79-110.
  74. David H. Glass, Atheism's New Clothes: Exploring and Exposing the Claims of the New Atheists, Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2012.
  75. Stewart Goetz, "The Argument from Evil," in The Blackwell Companion to Natural Theology, ed. William Lane Craig a J. P. Moreland, s. 449-497.
  76. The Believing Primate: Scientific, Philosophical, and Theological Reflections on the Origin of Religion, ed. Jeffrey Schloss a Michael J. Murray, New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
  77. Divine Hiddenness: New Essays, ed. Paul K. Moser a Daniel HowardSnyder, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
  78. The Philosophical Challenges of Religious Diversity, ed. Philip L. Quinn a Kevin Meeker, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
  79. David H. Glass, "Probability and the Presumption of Atheism," Yearbook of the Irish Philosophical Society (2010), s. 58-68.
  80. William A. Dembski, The End of Christianity: Finding a Good God in an Evil World, Nashville: B&H, 2009.
  81. Jeff Jordan, "Pragmatic Arguments and Belief in God," in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2011 Edition), ed. Edward N. Zalta, dostupné na plato.stanford.edu, odkaz goo.gl/4Zvu7 [cit. 6. 9. 2012].
  82. Jeff Jordan, Pascal's Wager: Pragmatic Arguments and Belief in God, New York: Oxford University Press, 2006. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  83. William P. Alston, Perceiving God: The Epistemology of Religious Experience, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991.
  84. Keith Y. Yandell, The Epistemology of Religious Experience, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
  85. Richard Swinburne, The Existence of God, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2004. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  86. Paul K. Moser, The Evidence for God: Religious Knowledge Reexamined, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  87. Richard Swinburne, "Natural Theology, Its 'Dwindling Probabilities' and 'Lack of Rapport'," Faith and Philosophy 21 (2004): 533. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  88. James F. Sennett, "Hume's Stopper," in In Defense of Natural Theology: A PostHumean Assessment, ed. James F. Sennett a Douglas Groothuis, Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2005, s. 82-104.
  89. John Earman, Hume's Abject Failure: The Argument Against Miracles, New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  90. Keith Y. Yandell, "David Hume on Meaning, Verification, and Natural Theology," in In Defense of Natural Theology, ed. James F. Sennett a Douglas Groothuis.
  91. Richard Swinburne, "Why Hume and Kant Were Mistaken in Rejecting Natural Theology," vyjde in European Journal for Philosophy of Religion.
  92. Charles Taliaferro, "Philosophy of Religion," § 2, in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2011 Edition), ed. Edward N. Zalta, http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2011/entries/philosophy-religion [cit. 10. 9. 2012].

Tento článek je publikován v režimu tzv. otevřeného přístupu k vědeckým informacím (Open Access), který je distribuován pod licencí Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), která umožňuje distribuci, reprodukci a změny, pokud je původní dílo řádně ocitováno. Není povolena distribuce, reprodukce nebo změna, která není v souladu s podmínkami této licence.