Studia Theologica, 2011 (roč. 13), číslo 4

Co mají společného Méšova stéla a 2 Král 3?

What do the Mesha Stele and 2 Kings 3 have in common?

Adam Mackerle, Veronika Kučerová

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):1-24970  

The authors analyze both the Mesha inscription and the text of 2 Kings 3, and ask what role the Israelite-Moabite conflict plays in them. They argue that these texts mention a conflict, but otherwise have hardly anything in common; they differ both in terms of the literary genre and as concerns the historical details. Thus, they should not be harmonized, and when used for a reconstruction of Transjordan history in 9th century BC, their specific literary genres should be respected. In contrast, however, the authors compare the role of divinity in both texts, and came to the conclusion that divinity plays a distinctive, decisive role in both texts. In...

Vojtěch Šanda jako biblista

Vojtěch Šanda as a Bible Scholar

Tomáš Petráček

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):25-41616  

The study deals with the life work of the Czech Catholic priest Vojtěch (Adalbert) Šanda (1853-1953). He lectured Exegesis and dogmatic theology at the seminary for priests in Litoměřice and later Dogmatic Theology exclusively at the Theological Faculty in Prague. Over the years 1902-1914, he was one of the most renowned Czech Catholic bible Scholars with his works written in German enjoying recognition throughout Europe. He later switched exclusively to dogmatic theology, but in the twenties he once again spoke out strongly on exegesis in the strictly conservative work Moses and the Pentateuch. The study follows the turnaround in the exegetical focus...

T. G. Masaryk a tzv. pokus o kulturní boj v Československu v letech 1918-1920/1921

T. G. Masaryk and the So-Called Cultural Struggle Attempt in Czechoslovakia 1918-1920/21

Petr Žák

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):42-651036  

The goal of this paper is to describe the role of Tomáš G. Masaryk in the so-called Cultural Struggle Attempt in Czechoslovakia shortly after World War I. Masaryk is well known for his anti-catholic opinions and beliefs as well as for his struggles with the Roman Catholic Church during the era of the Austrian Monarcy. The paper suggests that Masaryk did not pursue his personal anti-catholic ideas in his policy toward the church when he became president. Instead, he enacted policies which were advantageous and protective for the Catholic Church. The role of Masaryk is presented on the issues of the crisis in the Catholic Church and the creation of the...

Nárys vnímání významných českých politiků v době první republiky z pohledu Svatého stolce

The Perception of Important Czech Politicians in Czechoslovakia from the View of the Holy See over the Years 1918-1929

Marek Šmíd

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):66-82529  

The funds of the Vatican Secret Archives, which were recently made available, cover the period from 1922 to 1939 (the pontificate of Pope Pius XI). It is an immense amount of archival materials, which are principally engaged in the religious affairs of the interwar period. Among the thousands of pages of documents, the article analyses the view of the Holy See on important political persons of the First Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1929). The work is an interesting "probe" into interwar Czechoslovakia and illustrates the familiar context with interesting details and brief remarks by the Church hierarchy. The author of this study reveals to what extent...

Právní a pastorační aspekty vztahu práva na svátosti a práva na manželství

Juridical and Pastoral Aspects of the Relation Between the Right to the Sacraments and the Right to Marriage

Marie Kolářová

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):83-97478  

The right to the sacraments ranks among the fundamental rights of the Christian faithful. The obligation to be properly disposed for receiving the sacraments is inseparably connected with this right, and thus Catholic ministers are justified in insisting on this disposition. The responsibility for the sacramental preparation is the duty of the one who requests the sacrament and at the same time of the sacred pastors, who have an obligation to take care of the promotion of the faith. A marriage between baptized spouses, which is one of the natural rights, has the dignity of a sacrament. General norms concerning the requirements for the preparation of...

Kanonickoprávní řešení obtížných životních situací trvalých jáhnů

The Canonical Solution to Difficult Life Situations of Permanent Deacons

Monika Menke

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):98-113705  

The article attempts to evaluate the possible canonical solutions to certain painful situations related to the life and service of permanent deacons. It begins with a delimitation of the status of permanent deacons and consequently attempts to introduce a typology of issues connected with their situation. This arises out of various types of deacon life-status: permanent celibate deaconacy (within a diocese or in a certain institute of consecrated life or in an association of apostolic life), the non-celibate deaconacy of married men or the deaconacy of widowers. The canonical procedures deal with the laicization of a deacon - either of a married or...

Ekumenický soubor studií k problematice přirozeného zákona (editoriál)

Editorial

Ctirad Václav Pospíšil

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):114-116397  

Lutherovo pojetí přirozeného zákona jako základ univerzální etiky

Luther's Concept of the Natural Law as the Basis for Universal Ethics

Ján Liguš

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):117-126478  

The paper makes an inquiry into three areas of Luther's up until now less known natural theology: natural cognition of God (cognitio Dei naturalis), natural human reason (ratio) and natural law (lex naturalis). All these areas are related to the proposed theme concerning the foundation of universal ethics. The German reformer Luther illuminates all three parts on the biblical dialectical background, in which he points to God's original intention with human beings on the one hand and to the concrete historical situation of human beings after Adam's fall into sin on the other hand.

Přirozený zákon a otázka univerzální etiky v Církvi československé husitské

The Natural Law and the Issue of Universal Ethics in the Czechoslovak Hussite Church

Jiří Vogel

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):127-136503  

The study compares the concept of the natural law according to the ITC document: The Search for Universal Ethics: A New Look at Natural Law with similar terms used in the theology of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church - in particular the terms moral law, humanity, freedom of conscience. The main differences amongst these concepts are seen in different attitudes toward natural theology. The author sees a fundamental agreement in an attempt to state certain general human common ethical principles, which are also based on significant cultural and religious traditions, in order to strengthen interpersonal coexistence in a global context.

Přirozený zákon: srovnání římskokatolické a židovské perspektivy

The Natural Law: An Appraisal of the Roman Catholic and Jewish Perspective

David Biernot

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):137-151515  

The article focuses on the reception of the idea of the natural law in Jewish thinking from Medieval to Postmodern times. It starts with outlining Maimuni's refusal to put practical and ethical aspects of human existence on the same footing as theoretical pursuits of human intellect. This assumption is set against Aquinas' analogical understanding of the functioning of practical and speculative reason, which is essential for the Thomistic grounding of the concept of the natural law. The article then proceeds to Yoseph Albo, the first Jewish scholar to introduce a Christian-like concept of natural law. One of his objectives for adopting the idea of...

Pojem náboženství v dokumentu MTK Hledání univerzální etiky

The Concept of Religion in the document of ITC The Search for Universal Ethics

Jaroslav Franc

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):152-161528  

The author critically reflects on the first part of the ITC document (2008) from the point of view of religious studies. He asserts that the document uses typically Euro-American terminology and that the concept of religion applied in this text is also problematic. The text will be difficult to understand for a reader living outside the Christian cultural area.

Usuzování z přikázání

Reasoning from Commandments

Jan Štěpán

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):162-169403  

The concept of the normative system as a partially ordered set of norms is defined in the paper. Certain principles of deduction over norms and claims regarding the consistency of the normative system and the mode of the elimination of a contradiction are formulated. The problems of the consistency of normative systems are demonstrated with the example of the Decalogue, in particular the Fourth Commandment.

C. S. Lewis o přirozeném mravním zákoně

C. S. Lewis on the Natural Moral Law

Vojtěch Novotný

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):170-1841276  

The study is a reaction against the subjectivism of modern ethical thinking. The author presents the ethical position of C. S. Lewis in comparison with the ITC document (2008) and reveals interesting connections between both concepts. The Natural Law is not merely a subjective matter. C. S. Lewis speaks about deep connections between the concept of the Natural Law and the Christian image of God.

Přirozený mravní zákon a Boží zjevení

The Natural Moral Law and the Revelation of God

Eduard Krumpolc

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):185-190499  

The paper deals with the Natural Law from the point of view of Fundamental Theology, particularly the Theology of Revelation. The author argues in favour of the thesis that the Natural Law has a full validity only in cases when it is confirmed by the biblical Revelation of God. Universal ethics can only be found in the Light of Christ's Gospel.

Dynamické pojetí přirozeného zákona a česká teologická tradice

The Dynamic Concept of the Natural Law and the Czech Theological Tradition

Libor Ovečka

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):191-206779  

The idea of natural law comes from ancient Greek philosophy where it was understood as predominantly static. Transferred into the Christian theology, it was also understood as something stable, immovable, and unchangeable. Many examples of this can be shown, including those from the Czech tradition of moral theology from the period prior to the Second Vatican Council. The present document represents a completely different approach: Natural moral law is something dynamic, connected with the human conscience, ways of self-realization and of discerning good and evil. It does not represent heteronomous control of the conscience from outside but is a principal...

K dokumentu MTK o přirozeném zákoně - Otázka kategorie "druhu" - Trojiční základ tzv. "zlatého pravidla"

On the Document of ITC on the Natural Law - The Question of the Category of "Species" - the Trinital Basis of the So-Called "Golden Rule"

Ctirad Václav Pospíšil

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):207-216460  

The author mentions two critical notes on the work of the ITC which does not consider its own former documents in its subsequent chronological texts. Moreover, the documents of this Commission are in need of an institutionalized academic dialogical reflection. Furthermore, the author deals with the category of species, which is very important in the sphere of natural order. Finally, the author demonstrates that the so-called "Golden Rule" is not particularly comprehensible out of the Trinitarian Image of God.

Recenze

Reviews

Martin Klapetek, Jitka Jonová

Studia Theologica 2011, 13(4):217-225474