Studia Theologica 2025, 27(2):1-26 | DOI: 10.5507/sth.2025.00934

Varianta Mk 3,14/6–14 optikou koherentně-genealogické metody

Magdalena Vytlačilová
Univerzita Karlova
Husitská teologická fakulta
Pacovská 350/4
140 21 Praha

Mk 3:14/6–14 and the Coherence­‑Based Genealogical Method

I present in this study a less frequently discussed passage, Mark 3:14/6–14, and make use of a genealogical method based on coherence to consider which of its surviving variants is the original part of the text. I introduce the method in this study since it is relatively new and there is a limited amount of literature on it (although the New Testament text in the Editio Critica Maior is produced with its use). The verse, Mk 3:14/6–14, has survived in ten variants, which I divide into shorter and longer readings. In the verse, Jesus appoints the Twelve, and, according to witnesses in a longer reading, Jesus calls this group the Apostles (ℵ 01, B 03, C 04, W 032, Θ 038, ƒ 13). A shorter reading, in which Jesus does not call the members of the Twelve apostles, is attested to by most witnesses (e.g. A 02, B 05, L 019, 565, ƒ1). I argue for the originality of the shorter reading.

Keywords: Textual Criticism; Gospel of Mark; Textual Variants; Manuscripts; Apostles; The Twelve

Vloženo: prosinec 2024; Revidováno: březen 2025; Přijato: duben 2025; Zveřejněno: říjen 2025 


Reference

  1. Aland, Kurt, and Barbara Aland. The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.
  2. Boring, M. Eugene. Mark: A Commentary. The New Testament Library. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2012.
  3. Böttrich, Christfried. 'Codex Sinaiticus and the Use of Manuscripts in the Early Church'. The Expository Times 128, no. 10 (July 2017): 469-78. https://doi.org/10.1177/0014524617695936. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  4. Carlson, Stephen C. 'A Bias at the Heart of the Coherence-Based Genealogical Method (CBGM)'. Journal of Biblical Literature 139, no. 2 (2020): 319-40. https://doi.org/10.1353/jbl.2020.0013. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  5. Collins, Adela Yarbro. Mark: A Commentary. Hermeneia: A Critical and Historical Commentary on the Bible. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2007.
  6. Donahue, John R., and Daniel Harrington. The Gospel of Mark. Sacra Pagina Series 2. Collegeville: Liturgical Press, 2002.
  7. Ehrman, Bart D. The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture: The Effect of Early Christological Controversies on the Text of the New Testament. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
  8. ---. 'The Text of Mark in the Hands of the Orthodox'. In Studies in the Textual Criticism of the New Testament, 142-55. New Testament Tools, Studies and Documents 33. Leiden: Brill, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047409175_009. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  9. Elliott, James K. 'Thoroughgoing Eclecticism in New Testament Textual Criticism'. In New Testament Textual Criticism:The Application of Thoroughgoing Principles: Essays on Manuscripts and Textual Variation, 745-70. Supplements to Novum Testamentum 137. Leiden: Brill, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004189522.i-664. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  10. Epp, Eldon Jay. 'Textual Clusters: Their Past and Future in New Testament Textual Criticism'. In The Text of the New Testament in Contemporary Research: Essays on the 'Status Quaestionis', edited by Michael W. Holmes and Bart D. Ehrman, 2013. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  11. France, Richard T. The Gospel of Mark: A Commentary on the Greek Text. New International Greek Testament Commentary 2. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002.
  12. Guelich, Robert A. Mark 1 - 8:26. Word Biblical Commentary / [General Ed.: David A. Hubbard; Glenn W. Barker. Old Testament Ed.: John D. W. Watts. New Testament Ed.: Ralph P. Martin] 34A. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1989.
  13. Gurry, Peter J. A Critical Examination of the Coherence-Based Genealogical Method in New Testament Textual Criticism. New Testament Tools, Studies and Documents 55. Leiden: Brill, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004354548. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  14. Head, Peter M. 'The Gospel of Mark in Codex Sinaiticus: Textual and Reception-Historical Considerations'. TC: A Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism, 2008.
  15. Holmes, Michael W. 'From "Original Text" to "Initial Text": The Traditional Goal of New Testament Textual Criticism in Contemporary Discussion'. In The Text of the New Testament in Contemporary Research, edited by Bart D. Ehrman and Michael W. Holmes, 637-88. Leiden: Brill, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004236554_024. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  16. ---. The Greek New Testament: SBL Edition. Atlanta: Lexham Press; Society of Biblical Literature, 2011.
  17. ---. 'Working with an Open Textual Tradition: Challanges in Theory and Practice'. In The Textual History of the Greek New Testament, edited by Michael W. Holmes and Klaus Wachtel, 65-78. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2011.
  18. Huck, Albert, and Heinrich Greeven. Synopse der drei ersten Evangelien: mit Beigabe der johanneischen Parallelstellen. 13th ed. Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr, 1981.
  19. Hyytiäinen, Pasi. 'Evolving Gamaliel Tradition in Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis, Acts 5:38-39: A Novel Application of Coherence-Based Genealogical Method (CBGM)'. TC: A Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism, 2019, 1-22.
  20. Jongkind, Dirk. Scribal Habits of Codex Sinaiticus. Texts and Studies 5. Piscataway: Gorgias Press, 2007.
  21. Kelhoffer, James A. Miracle and Mission: The Authentication of Missionaries and Their Message in the Longer Ending of Mark. Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen Zum Neuen Testament 112. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2000.
  22. Lafleur, Didier. La famille 13 dans l'Évangile de Marc. New Testament tools, studies and documents 41. Leiden: Brill, 2013. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  23. Lake, Kirsopp. 'The Sinaitic and Vatican Manuscripts and the Copies Sent by Eusebius to Constantine'. The Harvard Theological Review 11, no. 1 (1918): 32-35. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  24. Lake, Kirsopp, and Helen Lake. Codex Sinaiticus Petropolitanus: The New Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1911. http://archive.org/details/per_the-ancient-biblical-manuscripts_codex-sinaiticus-new-te_helen-and-kirsopp-lake.
  25. Lake, Kirsopp, and Silva Lake. Family 13 (the Ferrar Group) : The Text According to Mark with a Collation of Codex 28 of the Gospels. London, 1941. http://archive.org/details/family13theferra0000unse_s3s7.
  26. Lane, William L. The Gospel According to Mark: The English Text with Introduction, Exposition and Notes. The New International Commentary on the New Testament 2. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1974.
  27. Lorenz, Peter E. A History of Codex Bezae's Text in the Gospel of Mark. Arbeiten Zur Neutestamentlichen Textforschung 53. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2022.
  28. Lührmann, Dieter. Das Markusevangelium. Handbuch zum Neuen Testament 3. Tübingen: Mohr, 1987.
  29. Marcus, Joel. Mark 1-8: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary. The Anchor Bible 27. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2010.
  30. Mareček, Petr. 'Závěr Markova evangelia'. Sborník prací Pedagogické fakulty Masarykovy univerzity 31, no. 2 (2017): 148-60.
  31. Metzger, Bruce M. A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament. 4th ed. London: United Bible Societies, 1994.
  32. Mink, Gerd. 'Contamination, Coherence, and Coincidence in Textual Transmission: The Coherence-Based Genealogical Method (CBGM) as a Complement and Corrective to Existing Approaches'. In The Textual History of the Greek New Testament, 141-216. Society of Biblical Literature, 2011.
  33. ---. 'Editing and Genealogical Studies: The New Testament'. Literary and Linguistic Computing 15, no. 1 (1 April 2000): 51-56. https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/15.1.51. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  34. ---. 'Problems of a Highly Contaminated Tradition: The New Testament: Stemmata of Variants as a Source of a Genealogy for Witnesses'. In Studies in Stemmatology II, edited by Pieter Van Reenen, August Den Hollander, and Margot Van Mulken, 13-85. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1075/z.125.04min. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  35. ---. 'Zur Stemmatisierung Neutestamentlicher Handschriften'. Bericht Der Hermann Kunst-Stiftung Zur Förderung Der Neutestamentlichen Textforschung Für Die Jahre 1979 Bis 1981, 1982, 100-114.
  36. Parker, David C. Codex Sinaiticus: The Story of the World's Oldest Bible. London: British Library; Hendrickson, 2010.
  37. Perrin, Jac. 'Family 13 in Saint John's Gospel'. Doctor of Philosophy, University of Birmingham, 2012.
  38. Robinson, Maurice A., and William G. Pierpont. The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform, 2005. Southborough: Chilton Book, 2005.
  39. Schnabel, Eckhard J. Mark: An Introduction and Commentary. Tyndale New Testament Commentaries 2. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2017.
  40. Schweizer, Eduard. Das Evangelium nach Markus. Das Neue Testament Deutsch / hrsg. von Gerhard Friedrich 1. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1998. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  41. Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose. A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament for the Use of Biblical Students. Edited by Edward Miller. London: George Bell & Sons, 1894. http://archive.org/details/aplainintroducti00scriuoft.
  42. Skeat, T. C. 'The Codex Sinaiticus, the Codex Vaticanus and Constantine'. In The Collected Biblical Writings of T.C. Skeat, edited by J. K. Elliott, 193-235. Supplements to Novum Testamentum 113. Leiden: Brill, 2004. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  43. Skinner, Christopher W. '"Whom He Also Named Apostles": A Textual Problem in Mark 3:14'. Bibliotheca Sacra 161 (2004): 322-29.
  44. Stein, Robert H. Mark. Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2008.
  45. Tasker, Randolf V. G. The Greek New Testament: Being the Text Translated in the English Bible. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1964.
  46. Tischendorf, Constantin von. Novum Testamentum Graece. Lipsiae: Giesecke & Devrient, 1869. http://archive.org/details/novumtestamentu00abbogoog.
  47. Wasserman, Tommy. 'The "Son of God" Was in the Beginning (Mark 1:1)'. The Journal of Theological Studies 62, no. 1 (2011): 20-50. https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/flr013. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  48. Wasserman, Tommy, and Peter J. Gurry. A New Approach to Textual Criticism: An Introduction to the Coherence-Based Genealogical Method. Resources for Biblical Study 80. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2017. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  49. Watchel, Klaus, and Michael W. Holmes. 'The Textual History of the Greek New Testament: Changing Views in Contemporary Research'. In The Textual History of the Greek New Testament, edited by Klaus Watchel and Michael W. Holmes, 141-216. Society of Biblical Literature, 2011.
  50. Westcott, Brooke Foss, and Fenton John Anthony Hort. The New Testament in the original Greek. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1881. http://archive.org/details/newtestamentinor01west.
  51. Witherington III, Ben. The Gospel of Mark: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 2000.
  52. Yi, An-Ting. 'A Fresh Look at Codex Regius (L019) and Its Transcription in the IGNTP Edition of John'. TC: A Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism 24 (2019): 1-12.

Tento článek je publikován v režimu tzv. otevřeného přístupu k vědeckým informacím (Open Access), který je distribuován pod licencí Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), která umožňuje distribuci, reprodukci a změny, pokud je původní dílo řádně ocitováno. Není povolena distribuce, reprodukce nebo změna, která není v souladu s podmínkami této licence.